Usability and Security of Knowledge-based Authentication Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review

Knowledge-based passwords are still the most dominant authentication method for securing digital platforms and services, in spite of emergence alternative systems such as token-based biometric systems. This has remained popular one mostly because its usability, compatibility, affordability implementation, user familiarity. However, main challenge knowledge-based password schemes lies creating that provide a balance between memorability security. research aimed to compare various order establish strategy provided high resilience cyberattacks. The overview this identifies areas further enhances methodology helps offer insight into usable, secure, sustainable approaches. Future work been recommended explore major features drawbacks recognition-based textual provides usability security benefits graphical with familiarity passwords.